You Know You Have Bad Breath If

Bad breath, also known as halitosis, fetor oris, ozostomia or stomatodysodia is an unpleasant smell that is given off from the nose or mouth of an individual when he or she breathes or speaks. Lick your wrist with your tongue in just one swipe. Then leave the wrist to dry (this takes only a few seconds). After your wrist has dried, smell it. Any smell it gives off is the smell of your mouth and breath.
Causes of bad breath

(1) Types of food or drinks ingested: Foods with strong odours like onions and garlic; exotic spices like curry, thyme and cinnamon and beverages like coffee, when ingested and digested, are absorbed into the bloodstream from where they enter the lungs and are expelled when breathing. And unfortunately, even after brushing and flossing, their smell doesn't go away unless they've completely passed through the blood system.

(2) Poor dental hygiene: Improper cleaning of dentures (artificial teeth) and failure to (properly) brush, floss and tongue scrape daily causes food particles to remain between the teeth, gums and on the tongue which causes bad breath.

(3) Use of depressants and stimulants: Depressants and stimulants like tobacco (smoked, chewed or sniffed) and alcohol enter the bloodstream from where they make their way to the lungs and are also expelled when breathing.

(4) Health problems: Health problems like gum disease, candidiasis (yeast infection), xerostomia (dry mouth which can be caused by continuous breathing through the mouth), diabetes, pneumonia, sore throat, and Gastro Esophageal Reflex Disease (GEAD) which is the backflow of acid from the stomach to the mouth and also, damaged internal organs like the liver and kidney release toxins which are expelled through the nose and mouth and cause bad breath.

(5) Lack of carbohydrate: High protein and low carbohydrate consumption causes the body to burn stored fats for fuel and leads to a condition known as ketosis because as fat burns, ketones are built up in the body and are released through breathing.

Treatment for bad breath

Make sure you brush, floss and tongue scrape at least twice daily. Tongue scrapers are sold in pharmacies but if you can't get one, use a teaspoon.

Drink plenty of fluids especially water so as to prevent saliva imbalance which causes dry mouth.
Quit the use of tobacco and alcohol.
Limit spicy foods, coffee and other foods with strong odours.
Take more of wholegrain carbohydrates, fruits and vegetables.
Take tea, as polyphenol present in tea plant helps hinder bacteria growth.
Take sugarless gums as they contain xylotol which kills bacteria and reduces plague but note that the use of gums, mints and mouthwash only stop bad breath temporarily.
Finally, you might need to consult your dentist or doctor as the bad breath could be due to health factor.